About the DIR Wiki

The DIR Case Study Wiki is a reference resource for studying how critical infrastructure systems around the world are designed, built, and governed to achieve resilience. It catalogues real-world case studies across sectors — water, energy, transport, digital, and more — and evaluates them against a consistent set of resilience principles.

The goal is to make infrastructure resilience knowledge accessible and comparable, supporting researchers, policymakers, engineers, and students in learning from diverse international approaches.

Each case study follows a consistent structure to enable comparison across different infrastructure systems and geographies:

• Overview — Summary of the infrastructure, its scale, and strategic purpose.
• Timeline & Location — Key dates, phases, and geographical context.
• Stakeholders — Ownership, governance, and the parties involved.
• Digitalisation & Data — How digital tools, sensors, and data systems support the infrastructure.
• Hazards — Exogenous and endogenous risks the system faces.
• Cost & Benefit — Financial scale and the value delivered.
• Resilience Principles Assessment — Evaluation against the six Principles of Resilient Infrastructure.
• Futures — Planned developments and emerging considerations.

Each case study is assessed against the six UNDRR Principles for Resilient Infrastructure, codified in ISO 22372:2025. These principles provide a consistent analytical framework:

• P1 — Clearly Defined Accountabilities and Shared Responsibilities — Sharing information and expertise with clear accountability.
• P2 — Proactively Protected — Planning, designing, and operating infrastructure prepared for current and future hazards.
• P3 — Environmentally Integrated — Working with natural systems and using nature-based solutions.
• P4 — Socially Engaged — Active engagement and participation across all levels of society.
• P5 — Adaptively Transforming — Adapting to changing needs through flexible, transformative approaches.
• P6 — Continually Learning and Improving — Developing understanding through monitoring, analysis, and stress testing.

Visit the Principles page for detailed descriptions and to see which case studies address each principle.

The DIR Wiki’s analytical framework is grounded in two key international resources:

• ISO 22372:2025 — Security and resilience — Community resilience — Guidelines for infrastructure resilience. The first international standard for infrastructure resilience, developed by ISO/TC 292 with the contribution of UNDRR. It provides practical guidance for planning, maintaining, and improving infrastructure resilience across sectors and borders.
• UNDRR Handbook for Implementing the Principles for Resilient Infrastructure — Published by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. Defines the six Principles for Resilient Infrastructure (P1–P6) used throughout this wiki, and provides implementation guidance aligned with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and UN Sustainable Development Goal 9.

The DIR Wiki is a growing resource. Case studies marked as “Planned” are under development, and sections marked with To Do within existing studies indicate areas where further research or detail is needed.

If you are interested in contributing a case study, providing additional data for existing entries, or suggesting improvements to the framework, please open an issue on GitHub or contact the research team via the Visioning Lab organisation page.